US Navy Faces Intense Houthi Combat    06/14 06:21

   The U.S. Navy prepared for decades to potentially fight the Soviet Union, 
then later Russia and China, on the world's waterways. But instead of a global 
power, the Navy finds itself locked in combat with a shadowy, Iran-backed rebel 
group based in Yemen.

   ABOARD THE USS LABOON IN THE RED SEA (AP) -- The U.S. Navy prepared for 
decades to potentially fight the Soviet Union, then later Russia and China, on 
the world's waterways. But instead of a global power, the Navy finds itself 
locked in combat with a shadowy, Iran-backed rebel group based in Yemen.

   The U.S.-led campaign against the Houthi rebels, overshadowed by the 
Israel-Hamas war in the Gaza Strip, has turned into the most intense running 
sea battle the Navy has faced since World War II, its leaders and experts told 
The Associated Press.

   The combat pits the Navy's mission to keep international waterways open 
against a group whose former arsenal of assault rifles and pickup trucks has 
grown into a seemingly inexhaustible supply of drones, missiles and other 
weaponry. Near-daily attacks by the Houthis since November have seen more than 
50 vessels clearly targeted, while shipping volume has dropped in the vital Red 
Sea corridor that leads to the Suez Canal and into the Mediterranean.

   The Houthis say the attacks are aimed at stopping the war in Gaza and 
supporting the Palestinians, though it comes as they try to strengthen their 
position in Yemen. All signs suggest the warfare will intensify -- putting U.S. 
sailors, their allies and commercial vessels at more risk.

   "I don't think people really understand just kind of how deadly serious it 
is what we're doing and how under threat the ships continue to be," Cmdr. Eric 
Blomberg with the USS Laboon told the AP on a visit to his warship on the Red 
Sea.

   "We only have to get it wrong once," he said. "The Houthis just have to get 
one through."

   Seconds to act

   The pace of the fire can be seen on the Arleigh Burke-class destroyer, where 
the paint around the hatches of its missile pods has been burned away from 
repeated launches. Its sailors sometimes have seconds to confirm a launch by 
the Houthis, confer with other ships and open fire on an incoming missile 
barrage that can move near or beyond the speed of sound.

   "It is every single day, every single watch, and some of our ships have been 
out here for seven-plus months doing that," said Capt. David Wroe, the 
commodore overseeing the guided missile destroyers.

   One round of fire on Jan. 9 saw the Laboon, other vessels and F/A-18s from 
the aircraft carrier USS Dwight D. Eisenhower shoot down 18 drones, two 
anti-ship cruise missiles and a ballistic missile launched by the Houthis.

   Nearly every day -- aside from a slowdown during the holy Muslim fasting 
month of Ramadan -- the Houthis launch missiles, drones or some other type of 
attack in the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden and the narrow Bab el-Mandeb Strait 
that connects the waterways and separates Africa from the Arabian Peninsula.

   The Navy saw periods of combat during the "Tanker Wars" of the 1980s in the 
Persian Gulf, but that largely involved ships hitting mines. The Houthi 
assaults involve direct attacks on commercial vessels and warships.

   "This is the most sustained combat that the U.S. Navy has seen since World 
War II -- easily, no question," said Bryan Clark, a former Navy submariner and 
a senior fellow at the Hudson Institute. "We're sort of on the verge of the 
Houthis being able to mount the kinds of attacks that the U.S. can't stop every 
time, and then we will start to see substantial damage. ... If you let it 
fester, the Houthis are going to get to be a much more capable, competent, 
experienced force."

   Dangers at sea and in the air

   While the Eisenhower appears to largely stay at a distance, destroyers like 
the Laboon spend six out of seven days near or off Yemen -- the "weapons 
engagement zone," in Navy speak.

   Sea combat in the Mideast remains risky, something the Navy knows well. In 
1987, an Iraqi fighter jet fired missiles that struck the USS Stark, a frigate 
on patrol in the Persian Gulf during the Iran-Iraq war, killing 37 sailors and 
nearly sinking the vessel.

   There's also the USS Cole, targeted in 2000 by boat-borne al-Qaida suicide 
bombers during a refueling stop in Yemen's port city of Aden, which killed 17 
on board. AP journalists saw the Cole patrolling the Red Sea with the Laboon on 
Wednesday, the same day the Houthis launched a drone-boat attack against a 
commercial ship there that disabled the vessel.

   Rear Adm. Marc Miguez, the Navy's commander for its Carrier Strike Group 
Two, which includes the Eisenhower and supporting ships, said the Navy had 
taken out one underwater bomb-carrying drone launched by the Houthis as well 
during the campaign.

   "We currently have pretty high confidence that not only is Iran providing 
financial support, but they're providing intelligence support," Miguez said. 
"We know for a fact the Houthis have also gotten training to target maritime 
shipping and target U.S. warships."

   Asked if the Navy believed Iran picks targets for the Houthis, Miguez would 
only say there was "collaboration" between Tehran and the rebels. He also noted 
Iran continues to arm the Houthis, despite U.N. sanctions blocking weapons 
transfers to them.

   Iran's mission to the United Nations told the AP that Tehran "is adept at 
thwarting the U.S. strategy in a way that not only strengthens (the Houthis) 
but also ensures compliance with the pertinent resolutions."

   The risk isn't just on the water. The U.S.-led campaign has carried out 
numerous airstrikes targeting Houthi positions inside Yemen, including what the 
U.S. military describes as radar stations, launch sites, arsenals and other 
locations. One round of U.S. and British strikes on May 30 killed at least 16 
people, the deadliest attack acknowledged by the rebels.

   The Eisenhower's air crews have dropped over 350 bombs and fired 50 missiles 
at targets in the campaign, said Capt. Marvin Scott, who oversees all the air 
group's aircraft. Meanwhile, the Houthis apparently have shot down multiple 
MQ-9 Reaper drones with surface-to-air missile systems.

   "The Houthis also have surface-to-air capabilities that we have 
significantly degraded, but they are still present and still there," Scott 
said. "We're always prepared to be shot at by the Houthis."

   A stalemated war

   Officers acknowledge some grumbling among their crew, wondering why the Navy 
doesn't strike harder against the Houthis. The White House hasn't discussed the 
Houthi campaign at the same level as negotiations over the Israel-Hamas war.

   There are several likely reasons. The U.S. has been indirectly trying to 
lower tensions with Iran, particularly after Tehran launched a massive 
drone-and-missile attack on Israel and now enriches uranium closer than ever to 
weapons-grade levels.

   Meanwhile, there's the Houthis themselves. The rebel group has battled a 
Saudi-led coalition into a stalemate in a wider war that's killed more than 
150,000 people, including civilians, and created one of the world's worst 
humanitarian disasters.

   The U.S. directly fighting the Houthis is something the leaders of the Zaydi 
Shiite group likely want. Their motto long has been "God is the greatest; death 
to America; death to Israel; curse the Jews; victory to Islam." Combating the 
U.S. and siding publicly with the Palestinians has some in the Mideast praising 
the rebels.

   While the U.S. and European partners patrol the waterways, Saudi Arabia 
largely has remained quiet, seeking a peace deal with the Houthis. Reports 
suggest some Mideast nations have asked the U.S. not to launch attacks on the 
Houthis from their soil, making the Eisenhower's presence even more critical. 
The carrier has had its deployment extended, while its crew has had only one 
port call since its deployment a week after the Oct. 7 Hamas attack on Israel.

   Meanwhile, the Houthi attacks continue to depress shipping through the 
region. Revenue for Egypt from the Suez Canal -- a key source of hard currency 
for its struggling economy -- has halved since the attacks began. AP 
journalists saw a single commercial ship moving through the once-busy waterway.

   "It's almost a ghost town," Blomberg acknowledged.